Surfacing mechanism.



A. E. PAIGE.

SURFACING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED JULY 4, 1911.

1,260,022. Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

4 SHEETSSHEET l.

A. E. PAIGE.

SURFAC'ING MECHANISM.

' APPLICATION FILED JULY 4,19l7.

Patented Mar, 19, 1918. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR:

A. E. PAIGE.

-SURFAC|NG MECHANISM. PLICATION FILED l A 1,260,022. 1 Patented Mar. 19,1918.

" 4 EEEEEEEEEEEE 3.

INVENTGR;

A.-E. PAIGE.

SURFACING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 4.1911.

1;260,02 2. I PatentedMar. 19,1918. I

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

INVENTOR.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' America 1:. PAIGE, or rnrnannnrnm, PENNSYLVANIA.

sunracme mncnmrsm.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

Original application filed larch 4, 1915, Serial No. 12,028. Divided andthis application filed July 4, 1917.

. 1 Serial No.178,528.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR E. PAIGE; a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement in Surfacing Mechanism, whereof thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

The mechanism herein claimed may be used for surfacing ophthalmic lensesof any kind, and this application is a division of' my originalapplication Serial No. 12,028, filed March 4, 1915, for Letters Patentof the United States claiming mechanism which is particularly adaptedfor making bifocal lenses. The method of making bifocal lenses referredto in this application is claimed in my divisional application Serialcapable of precisely adjusting and maintaining the axes of rotation ofthe glass and tools in predetermined angular relation; such angularrelation being variable, at the will of the operator, in accordance withthe curvature of the surface which it is desired to generate; that is tosay, the respective axes of rotationpf the glass and surfacing tool maybe selectively held in axial alme ment, 0r parallel to each other inspaced re- 0 lation, or intersecting each other at an adjustablyvariable angle and at an adjustably variable radius, and thetool may berotated in concentric relation to the axis of rotation of theglass, or,the axis of rotation of the tool may intersect the surface of the glassat a point eccentric to the axis of rotation of the latter, so astocause the tool to rotate in eccentric relation to the axis of rotationof the glass. Moreover, as said mechanism includes a rotary spindlehaving the axis of said spindle, such a;tool may have a planetarymovement with reference to the surface being generated or polished.

' My invention includes the various novel features of construction andarrangement .hereinafter more definitely specified.

In the drawings: Figure I is a left side elevation, partly in section,of a surfacing machine embodying certain features of my invention;showing the axes of rotation of the glass and tool maintained in acommon plane. v

Fig. II is a front elevation, partly in section, of said machine withthe axes of rotation of the upper and lower spindles intersecting at thecenter of curvature of the tool, coinciding with the surface to begenerated.

Fig. III is a fragmentary elevation, partly in section, of parts of saidmachine, on a larger scale, showing means for precisely predeterminingthe axial position of said upper spindle, for instance, for preciselyvariably determining the extent of .the radius of the abrading face ofthe tool from said center-of intersection of the spindle axes.

Fig. IV is a plan view of the cam wheel and its supporting collar,forming part of the mechanism shown in Fig. III, for limiting theapproach of the tool to the glass.

Fig. V is a front view of said cam wheel. Fig. VI is a side elevation ofthe portable gage by which said cam wheel may be manu- I allv set asshown in Fig. III.

Fig. VII is a fragmentary, partly sectional, elevation including thelower end of' said axially movable upper spindle, shown in Figs. I andII, provided with means arranged to axially engage a rotary surfacingtool in variable eccentric relation, including a bar adjustabletransversely to that spindle and carrying an axial bearing for the tool.

Fig. VIII is a plan view of said bar and bearing shown in Fig. VII.

Figs. IX, X and XI are diagrammatic front elevations of the machineshown in Figs. I and II but with the opposed spindles differentlyadjusted. Fig. IX shows said spindles held in axial alinement. Fig. Xshows them held parallel to each other, in spaced relation; and Fig. XIshows said spindles held with their axes of rotation intersecting at thecenter of curvature of the surface to be generated. It 'is to be notedthat the same annular tool shown in Figs.

I, ILIX, x and XI may be used to generate a plane surface, as in Fig. X,or surfaces of different spherical curvature, as in Figs. II and XI, inaccordance with the relative angular adjustment of said spindles.

In said figures; the two opposed spindles 1 and 2 are relativelyangularly adjustable, and respectively axially immovable and movable,and have means, including their conical tips 3 and 4:, arranged torespectively present the material to be surfacednnd a surfacing tool, inopposition. Said tips are of the ordinary taper for ophthalmic tools,and the holder 5 for the glass 6, and the tool 7 fit said tips; and bothare frictionally held on said spindles, and removable. Said spindles 1and 2 are conveniently provided with means whereby they may beindependently rotated, in either direction, including the wheel 8 fixedon said axially immovable spindle 1, and the wheel 9 slidably keyed onsaid axially movable spindle 2 which latter is longitudinally grooved asindicated in Fig. III, to engage a key. lhe pan 10 is normallystationary, but removable.

The means for adjusting the relative position of said spindles land 2,whereby their axes of rotation may be selectively held in alinement witheach other, or parallel to each other in spaced relation, orintersecting each other at an adjustably variable angle and at anadjustably variable radius with respect to said material 6, include thetwo frames 11 and 12 in which said spindles 1 and 2 are respectivelyjournaled, the guide plate 13 which is fulcrumed to said frame 11 and insliding engagement with said frame 12, transversely to the axes of saidspindles, and means arranged to rigidly connect said frames in adjustedposition. Said frame 12 may be rigidly secured on said plate 13, in anyposition of lateral adjustment, by the set screw 14:. Said plate 13 hasthe fulcrum bolt hole 15. and the arcual slot 16 concentric to said bolthole, and the means for rigidly connecting said frames in adjustedposition include the two bolts 17 'and 18 shown in Figs. I and II,extendingrespectively through said fulcrum bolt hole 15 and through saidarcual slot 16 in said plate 13 and having conical heads fitted therein,as shown in Fig. I. Said bolts 17 and 18 extend through said frame 11,as shown in Fig. I, and have respective nuts 19 and 20; whereby saidframes may be clamped in adjusted position. The lever frame plate 13being fulcrumed on said bolt 17, and thus angularly adjustable on saidstationary base frame 11, between that frame and said frame 12, to varythe relative angular position of said spindles 1 and 2, which arerespectively journaled in said frames 11 and 12; I term said bolt 17 thefulcrum bolt; In view of the state of the progress of the surfacingoperations.

art; it should be noted that said stationary base frame 11 is thusprovided with means not only maintaining said fulcrum of theintermediate lever frame plate 13 in invariable relation with the lower,glass carrying, spindle 1; but, in fact, maintaining said ful crumstationary while all of the adjustments of the mechanism abovecontemplated are being made. Moreover, said intermediate lever frameplate 13 being thus angularly adjustable with reference to saidstationary fulcrum; angular adjustment of said frame 13 may be utilizedto raise and lower the abr'ading tool, with reference to the-glass,without axial movement of the tool carrying spindle 2 in the frame 12 inwhich it is journaled. Such construction and arrangement have theadvantage that the abrading surface of the tool may be set at anadjustably variable radius with respect to the material to be surfaced,by tilting said lever plate 13 which carries it, without disturbing theadjustments of the stop mechanism for the tool carrying spindle 2. Thatis to say; said stop mechanism may be adjusted to precisely predeterminethe extent of the axial movement to be allowed the spindle 2, andconsequently, the precise depth to which the glass is to be abraded;without calibrating the tool with reference to the glass by means of thegages 26 and 27 aforesaid.

'In other words; the provision of means to maintain said fulcrumstationary while permitting the frame 12 to be moved laterally withrespect thereto renders the extent of the radius of the abrading surfaceof the tool from that fulcrum variable, vertically toward and away fromthe material to be surfaced, independently of the freedom of the toolspindle for axial movement; and the freedom of movement of the toolspindle both laterally with reference to said fulcrum, and axially, inaddition to its freedom for angular adjustment with reference to saidfulcrum, materially facilitates not only the initial calibration of thetools with reference to the successive pieces of glass with which theyare desired to cooperate, but also permit the constant maintenance ofsuch predetermined calibration during the The construction of themechanism with the axis of the fulcrum bolt 17 intersectingthe axis ofthe spindle 1, in stationary relation, affords a basis for thecalculation of adjustments of the mechanism, which would not be affordedif said fulcrum was laterally movable with reference to the axis of theglass carrying spindle as in mechanism of the prior art.

The means arranged to hold said axially variably supported by the frame12 in which that spindle 2 is journaled. Suchc-arrangement 1sconveniently effected by mounting the cam wheel- 23 on said stud 22,eccentrically, and frictionally engaging it by the springwasher 24 whichprevents its accidental rotation but permits it to be turned by hand.Said cam wheel 23 may be set in precisely predetermined spaced relationwith the upper end of the hub of said Wheel 9 which rests upon the upperend of said frame 12 as shown in Fig. I. Such adjustment is convenientlyeffected by releasing the clamping screw 25 of said collar 21; shiftingsaid collar to approximately the position desired; tightening saidcollar by said screw 25, and then turning said cam wheel 23 inaccordance with the extent of axial movement of said spindle 2 which itis desired to permit. precisely measured by the adjustable gage 26 *orthe invariable gage 27 temporarily -manually interposed between saidwheel hub and said cam as indicated, by 27, in Fig. III.

Said spindle 2 may be manually moved axially by means of the quill 28,having the rack teeth 29 engaging the gear 30 which is journaled in saidframe 12 and may be turned by the handle 31. Said quill '28 is preventedfrom turning in the frame 12 by the key 32 which is conveniently wedgeshaped radially withrespect to said spindle 2, and adjustable by the setscrew 33.

As shown in Figs. -VII and VIII; the means carried by said axiallymovable and rotary spindle 2, arranged to axially engage a rotarysurfacing tool in Variable eccentric relation with the axis of thatspindle, includes the bar 34: which is adjustable transversely to thatspindle and provided with the set screw 35, whereby it may be secured inadjusted position. I find it convenient to connect said bar 31 with saidspindle 2 by means of the coupling 36 which is fitted to the'conical tip4 of said spindle, as shown in Fig. VII, and clamped thereon by the setscrew 37. Said bar 31 is conveniently provided with the axial bearing 38for the tool 39, and, said bar is bifurcated at its lower end to receivethe radial flange 10 of said bearing which is pivotally connected withsaid bar by the screw 11 which has a smooth cylindrical portionextending through said flange but is in screw threaded engagement withsaid bar. movement of said flange in said bar is limited, and the partsclamped in adjusted relation, by the screw 42 which extends freelythrough the openings 13 in said bar but is Such extent may be- Theoscillatory when it is presented to the glass 6 upon the holder 5.' Saidglass being carried by the spindle 1 in axial alinement with the spindle2 as in Fig. IX; said tool 39 abrades an annular path upon the glass, inconcentric relation with the axis of rotation of the glass but ineccentric relation to the axis of rotation of said tool upon its axis insaid bearing 38'; leaving a central circular area of said glassunabraded by said tool 39; said unabraded area of the glass being, ofcourse, concentric with the axis of rotation of the latter. Sucharrangement and operation may be advantageously employed in theproduction of bifocalv lens blanks in which the minor lens field is inconcentric relation with the major lens field.

As shown in Fig. VII, said axial bearing for the tool 39 includes a ballbearing 45. However, such details of construction are not of the essenceof my invention, and it is to be understood that said bar may beprovided with any suitable axial bearing for a rotary surfacing tool. I

It may be observed that each of said surfacing tools 7 and 39 has anannular abrading surface with a central recess concentric with its axisof rotation. Such construction and arrangement not only permit theabrading surface to span the minor lens surface of a bifocal lens,without abrading such surface, while abrading the major surface of sucha lens but is advantageous in that a given surfacing tool with such anannular surface may be employed in generating 100 spherical curves ofdifferent radii, as illustrated for instance in Figs. II .and XI;provided that the axis of rotation of said tool intersects the center ofcurvature 46 of the surface which is being generated. 105 That is tosay, it is essential for such operation, that the axis of rotation ofsuch an annular tool shall always intersect the center of curvature ofthe surface being generated and, consequently, coincide with a ra- 110dius of the curvature of the surface being generated, regardless of theextent of that radius which, of course, differs with different sphericalcurvatures, and such variation in the angular position of the axis ofthe abrading tool may be effected by the means above described.Moreover, as indicated in Fig. X, such an annular surfacing tool may beused to generate a plane surface 47,.by holding the axes of saidspindles 1 and 2 out of axial alinement but parallel with each other. Ofcourse, if the axis of the spindle 2 be inclined to the axis of thespindle 1, (as in Fig. XI,) while offset as in Fig. X; said axes willintersect below the surface of the glass 6, instead of above it as inFig. XI, and a convex spherical surface may be thus generated, by thesame tool 7 shown generating a plane surface in Fig. X and showngeneratinga congenerate any surface of an ophthalmic lens;

the nature of that surface. 2'. 6., whether it is plane or'curved, andthe radius of its curvature, being predetermined by relative angularadjustment of the axes of rotation of the opposed spindles whichrespectively carry the surfacing tool and the material to be surfaced.

In mechanism of the class herein claimed, accuracy of the surfacingeffect is dependent upon the constant maintenance of the abradingsurface of the tool at a precisely predetermined radius from the centerof curvature of the glass, despite the constant recession of the toolsurface by the wear incident to the surfacing operation. Of course, itis also necessary to provide for the progressive relative approach ofthe tool and glass to compensate for the wear of both and maintain theircooperative relation. In mechanism of the prior art which most nearlyapproaches my present invention, the upper, tool carrying, spindle isaxially immovable, and it is necessary to angularly adjust its axis ofrotation, with reference to the axis of rotation of the glass, to attainthe above contemplated necessary relation of the tool and glass; and therelative progressive approach of the glass and tool, necessary as thesurfacing operation proceeds, is efi'ected'solely by axial movement ofthe lower, glass carrying, spindle, Such construction and arrangementimpose serious difliculties in the practical use of that mechanism ofthe prior art. For instance, such progressive adjustment of the glassrequires the attention of an operator at the lower end of the lowerspindle, not only remote from said glass, but out of range of vision ofthe surface of said glass affected by such adjustment; so that twooperators are required to effect such adjustment; and, although suchadjustment may be effected without stopping the surfacing operation, itis, perforce, intermittently effected, whereas, it should be constantlyefi'ected to attain the maximum efliciency of the surfacing operation.Moreover, such angular adjustment of the upper spindle, (to compensatefor recession, and diminishment of the effective radius, of the toolsurface) cannot be effected while the mechanism is operating and isalso, perforce, intermittently effected, whereas, it must be constantlyeffectod. to preserve the calibration of the tool to the required curve,and should be constantly effected to attain the maximum efficiency ofthe surfacing operation. Consequently, such mechanism of the prior artis not only wasteful of the operators time, but impossible to maintainaccurately operative. Therefore, itis the object and efiect of myimproved construction and arrangement of the mechanism appurtenant tothe two opposed rotary spindles, respectively adapted to carry a'glassand a surfacing tool, that all of the relative adjustments thereof,necessary to insure accuracy and rapidity of the surfacing operation,may be effected constantly; without interruption of that operation. Tothat end; I render the upper, tool carrying, spindle, (heretoforeaxially immovable,) axially adjustable to compensate not only for theaforesaid progressive diminishment in the effective radius of the toolsurface cooperating with the glass, but to compensate for theprogressive recession of the glass, and I am thus not only enabled torender the lower, glass carrying, spindle axially immovable, and thuseliminate one of the variable factors requiring constant attention insaid mechanism of the prior art,

but enable the operator to maintain the mechanism constantly accuratelyoperative without disturbance of the angular relation of the upper,,toolcarrying, spindle, durin the surfacing operation. Moreover, in $211prlor mechanism, the upper, tool carrying,

spindle is angularly adjustable only upon a fulcrum which must be movedand readjusted with every transverse movement and adjustment of thatspindle, and is carried by a third frame, between the two framesin whichsaid two spindles are respectively journaled; and that intermediateframe is incapable of anyvangular adjustment, being only capable ofmovement transversely, at right angles, to the .axis of the lower, glasscarrying, spindle. On the contrary; 1 provide between the relativelyadjustable frames, 11 and 12, carrying the respective spindles 1 and 2;the guide plate 13, capable of angular adjustment, as a lever, to varythe angular relation of the axes of said spindles with reference to animmovable fulcrum at 17; thus not only facilitating the relative angularadjustment of said spindles, but eliminating another variable factor ofsaid prior mechanism, which requires the consideration of the operatorsin every adjustment of the tool spindle of that mechanism; and thus Isimplify and facilitate the necessary calibration and adjustment of themechanism.

In other words; the process of forming a surface of a given curvature,by said mechanism of the prior art, is rendered extremely difficultbecause all of thefactors determining the formation of said surface areprogressively variable and varying during the abrading operation,without the control of the operator. Whereas; the peculiar constructionand arrangement of my invention menfabove described, as it is obviousthat various .modificationsmay be made therein without departing fromthe essential features of my invention as defined in the appendedclaims.

I blaimz.

1. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with two opposed spindles,respectively axially immovable and movable, having means arranged topresent the material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition;of means whereby said spindles may be independentl rotated, including awheel fixed on said axially immovable spindle, and

. a wheel slidably keyed on said axially movable" spindle; means foradjusting the relative position of said spindles, whereby their axes maybe selectively held in alinement,

or parallel to each other in spaced relation,

or intersecting each other at an adjustably variable angle and at anadjustably variable radius with respect to said material; including twoframes in which said spindles are re spectively journaled, a plate whichis fulcrumed to one of said frames and in sliding engagement with theother, transversely to the axes of said spindlesfand has a fulcrum bolthole and an arcual slot concentric to said bolt hole; two bolts,respectively concentric with said fulcrum and eccentric thereto, havingnuts whereby said frames may be clamped in adjusted position, said boltsextending respectively through said fulcrum bolt hole and through saidarcual slot; means arranged to hold said axially movable spindle inpredetermined axial position, including a collar on that spindlecarrying a transversely projecting member arranged to be variablysupported by the frame in which that spindle isjournaled; means, carriedby said axially movable spindle, arr nged to axially engage a rotarysurfacing 01 in variable eccentric relation to the axis of that spindle,including a bar adjustable transversely to that spindle, a bearing'onsaid bar and a set screw for said bar; and a rotary surfacing toolaxially engaged by said bearing.

2. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with two opposed spindles,respectively axially immovable and movable, having means arranged topresent the material to' be surfaced and a surfacing tool in oppofixedon said axially immovable spindle, and a wheel slidably keyed on saidaxially movable spindle; means for adjusting the relative positiono'f'said spindles, whereby their axes may be selectively held inalinement, or para] el or mtersecting each other at an adjustablyvariable anglerand at an adjustably variable radius with respect to saidmaterial; includto each other in spaced relation,

sitipnof means wherebv said indle I be independently rotated, includinga wheel ing two frames in which said s indles are 4 respectivelyjournaled, a plate w ich is fulcrumed to one of said frames and insliding engagement -"w1th the other, transversely to the axes of saidspindles, and screw means whereby said frames may be clamped in adustedposition; means arranged to hold said ax ally movable spindle inpredetermined axlal position, including a transversely proectm memberarranged to be variably supporte by the frame in which that spindle isjournaledand means, carried by said axially movable spindle, arranged toaxially engage a rotary surfacing tool in variable eccentric relation tothe axis of that spindle,

including a bar adjustable transversely to that spindle, and a set screwfor said bar.

3. .In surfacmg mechanism, the combination with two' opposed spindles,respectively axially immovable and movable, having means arranged topresent the material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition;of means whereby said spindles may be independently rotated, including'awheel fixed on sald axially immovable spindle, and a wheel slldablykeyed on said axially movable spindle; means for adjusting the relativeposition of said spindles, whereby their axes maybe selectively held inalinement, or parallel to each other in spaced relation, or intersectingeach other at an adjustably variable angle and at an adjustably variableradius with respect to said material; including two frames in which saidspindles are respectively journaled, a plate which is fulcrumed to oneof said' frames and in sliding engagement with the other, transverselyto the axes of said spindles, and screw means. whereby said frames maybe clamped in adjusted position; means arranged to hold said axiallymovable spindle in pre- 7 determined axial position, includingatransversely pro ecting member arranged to be variably supported by theframe in which that spindle is journaled; and means, carried by saidaxially movable spindle, arranged to axially engage a rotary surfacingtool in variable eccentric relation to the axis of that spindle.

4:. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with two opposed spindles,respectively axially immovable .and movable, having means arranged topresent the material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition;of means whereby said spindles may be independently rotated, including awheel on each spindle; means for adjusting the relative position of saidspindles, whereby their axes may be selectively held in alinement, orparallel to each other in spaced relation. or intersectin each other atan adjustably variable ang e and at an adjustably variable radius withrespect to said material; including two frames in which said spindlesare respectively journaled. a plate which is fulcrumed to one of saidframes and in sliding engagement with the other, transversely to theaxes of said spindles, and screw means. whereby said frames may beclamped in adjusted position; means arranged to hold said axiallymovable spindle in predetermined axial position, includin a transverselyprojecting member arrange to be variably supported by the frame in whichthat spindle is journaled; and a rotary surfacing tool carried by saidaxially movable spindle, having an annular abrading surface with acentral recess concentric with its axis of rotation.

5. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with two opposed spindles,respectively axially immovable and movable, having means arranged topresent the material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition;of means whereby sald spindles may be independently rotated, including awheel on each spindle; means for adjusting the relative position of saidspindles, whereby their axes may be selectively held in alinement, orparallel to each other in spaced relation. or intersecting each other atan adjustably variable angle and at an adjustably variable radius withrespect to said material; including two frames in which said spindlesare respectively journaled, a plate which is fulcrumed to oneof saidframes and in sliding engagement with the other, transversely to theaxes of said spindles,-and screw means, whereby said frames may beclamped in adjusted position; and means arranged to hold said axiallymovable spindle in predetermined axial position, including atransversely projecting .mem-

'ber arranged to be variably supported by the frame in which thatspindle is journaled.

6. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with two opposed spindles,relatively axially movable, having means arranged'to present thematerial to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition; "of meansfor adjusting the relative position of said spindles, whereby their axesmay be selectively.

held in alinement, or parallel to each other in spaced relation, orintersecting each other at an adjustably variable angle and at anadjustably variable radius with respect to said material; including twoframes in which said spindles are respectively journaled, a lever platewhich is fulcrumed to the frame in which the axially movable spindle isjournaled and in sliding engagement with the other frame, and meanswhereby said frames may be clam ed in adusted position; and a rotary suracing tool carried by one of said spindles, havin an annular abradingsurface with a centra vrecess concentric with its axis of rotation.

7. In surfacing mechanism, the combination wlth opposed spindles,respectively axially lmmovable and movable, having means arranged topresent the material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition;of means whereby said spindles may be rotated, lncluding a wheel on eachspindle; means arranged to temporarily detain said axiall movablespindle in predetermined axial pos1- tion, includ ng a transverselyprojecting member earned by said pindle; and means, carried by saidaxially movable spindle, arranged to axially engage a rotary surfacingtool in variable eccentric relation with the axis of that spindle,including a bar adj ustable transversely to that spmdle, an axialbearing for the tool, carried by said bar, and a set screw for said bar.

8. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with opposed spindles,respectively axially immovable and movable, having means arranged topresent the material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition;of

means whereby said spindles may be rotated,

includin a wheel on each spindle; means arrange to temporarily detainsaid axially movable spindle in predetermined axial position; and means,carried by said axially movable spindle, arranged to axially engage arotary surfacing tool in variable eccentric relation with the axis ofthat spindle, including a bar adjustable transversely to that spindle,an axial bearing for the tool, carried b said bar, and a set screw forsaid bar. 9. n surfacing mechanism, the combination with opposed sindles, respectively axially immovable an movable, having means arrangedto present the material to be surfaced and a. urfacing tool inopposition; of means whereby said spindles may be rotated, including awheel on each s indle; and means, carried by said axia ly movablespindle, arranged to axially engage a rotary surfacing tool in variableeccentricrelation with the axis of that spindle, including a baradjustable transversely to that spindle, an axial bearing for the tool,carried by said bar, and a set screw for said bar.

10. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with opposed spindles,respectively axially immovable and movable, having means arranged topresent the material to be surincluding a wheel on each spindle; meansarranged to temporarily detain said axially movable spindle inpredetermined axial position, including a transversely projecting membercarried by said spindle; and means, carried by said axially movablespindle, arranged to axially engage a rotary surfacing tool in variableeccentric relation with the axis of that spindle.

11. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with opposed spindles,respectively anally immovable andmovable, having means arranged topresent the material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition;of means whereby said spindles may be rotate including a wheel on eachspindle; an means, carried by said axially movable spindle, arranged toaxially engage a rotary surfacing tool in variable eccentric relationwith the axis of that spindle.

12. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with opposed spindles,respectively axially immovable and movable, having means arranged topresent the materialto be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition;of means whereby said spindles may be rotatd, including a wheel on eachspindle; and means, carried by said axially movable spindle, arranged toaxially engage a rotary surfacin tool in eccentric relation with the axiof t at spindle.

13. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary baseframe, of an axially immovable rotary spindle mounted to rotate in saidframe; a fulcrum in said frame, in immovable relation to said spindle; alever plate angularly adjustable on said fulcrum; screw means arrangedto hold saidplate in angularly adjusted position on said base frame; asecond frame mounted to slide longitudinally onsaid plate, transverselyto the axis of said spindle; screw means arranged tohold said secondframe in adjusted position on said plate an axially movable rotaryspindle mounted to rotate in said second frame; and means arranged tohold said axially movable spindle in predetermined axial position,including a collar on that spindle carrying a transversely 'proj ectingmember arranged to be variably supported by the frame in which thatspindle is ournaled; said spindles having means arranged to present thematerial to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition; whereby theaxes of said spindles may be selectively held in alinement or parallelto each other in spaced relation, or intersecting each other at anadjustably variable angle and at an adjustably-variable radius withrespect to said material.

14. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary baseframe, of an axially immovable rotary spindle mounted to rotate in saidframe; a fulcrum in said frame, in immovable relation to said spintohold said second frame in adjusted posi- 1 tion on said plate; anaxially movable rotary spindle mounted to rotate in said secondframe;and means arranged to hold said axially movable spindle in predeterminedaxial position, b frame in which t at spindle is journaled;

engagement with the i said spindles having means arranged to present thematerial to be surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition; whereby theaxes of said spindles may be selectively held in alinement or parallelto each other in spaced relation, or intersecting each other at.

an adjustably variable angle and at an adjustably variable radius withrespect to said material.

15. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary baseframe, of an axially immovable rotary spindle mounted to rotate in saidframe; a fulcrum in said frame, in inunovablerelation to said spin.-

dle; a lever plate angularly adjustable on said fulcrum; means arrangedto hold said plate in angularly adjusted position on said base frame; asecond frame mounted to slide on said plate, transversely to the axis ofsaid'spindle; means arranged to hold said second frame in adjustedposition on said plate; an axially movable rotary spindle mounted torotate in said second'frame; and means arranged to hold said axiallymovable spindle in predetermined axial position; said spindles havingmeans arranged to present the material to be surfaced and a surfacingtool in opposition; whereby the axes of said spindles may be selectivelyheld in alinement or parallel to each other in spaced relation, orintersecting each other at an adjustably variable angle and at anadjustably variable radius with respect to said material.

16. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary baseframe, of an said spindles having means arranged to present the materialto be surfaced and a surtool in opposition; whereby the axes justablyvariable radius with respect to saidmaterial. 17 In surfacing mechanism,the combination with a stationary base frame, of an axially immovablerotary spindle mounted to iptate in said frame; a fulcrum in said frame,in immovable relation to said spindle; a lever plate angularlyadjustable on said fulcrum;-means arranged to hold saidplate inangularly adjusted position on said base frame; a second frameadjustably mounted on said late; means arranged to hold said second ff'ame in adjusted position on said plate; an axially movable spindlemounted to rotate in said second frame; said spindles having meansarranged to present the material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool inopposition; whereby the axes of said spindles may be selectively held inalinement or intersecting each other at an adjustably variable angle 718. Insurfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary base frame,of an axially immovable spindle mounted to rotate in said frame; afulcrum bolt in said frame, in immovable relation to said spindle; alever plate fulcrumed on said bolt; screw means arranged to hold saidplate in angularly adjustable position on said base frame; a secondframe mounted to slide on said plate, transversely to the axis of saidspindle; screw means arranged to hold said second frame in adjustedpositionon said plate; an axially movable spindle mounted to rotate insaid second frame; and'means arranged to hold said axially movablespindle in predetermined axial position, including a collar on thatspindle carrying a transversely. projecting member arranged to bevariably supported by the frame in which that spindle is journaled; saidspindles having means arranged to present the material to be surfacedand a surfacing tool in opposition, including a bar carried by andadjustable transversely to said axially movable spindle and carrying anaxial bearing for a rotary surfacing tool; whereby the A axes of saidspindles may be selectively held in alinement or parallel to each otherin spaced relation, or intersecting each other at an adjustably variableangle and at an adjustably variable radius with respect to saidmaterial.

19. In surfacing machanism, the combination with a stationary baseframe, of an axially immovable rotary spindle mounted to rotate in saidframe; a fulcrum in said frame, in immovable relation to said spin dle;a lever plate angularly adjustable on said fulcrum; screw means arrangedto hold said late in angularly adjusted position on said ase frame; asecond frame mounted to slide on said late, transversely to the axis ofsaid spin e; screw means arranged to hold said second frame in adjustedposi tion on said plate; an axially movable rotary spindle mounted torotate in said second frame; and means arranged to hold said axiallymovable spindle in predetermined axial position, engagement with theframe in which said spindles having means arranged to present thematerial to be' surfaced and a surfacing tool in opposition, including abar carried by and adjustable transversely to said axially movablespindle and carrying an axial bearing for a rotary surfacing tdol;whereby the axes of said spindles may be selectively held in alinementor parallel to each other in spaced relation, or intersecting each otherat an adjustably variable angle and at an adjustably variable radiuswith respect to said material. I

20. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary baseframe, of an axially immovable rotary spindle mounted to rotate in saidframe; a fulcrum in said frame, in immovable relation to said spindle; alever'plate angularly adjustable on said fulcrum; means arranged to holdsaid plate in angularly adjusted position on said base frame; a secondframe mounted to slide on said plate, transversely to the axis of saidspindle; means arranged to hold said second frame in adjusted positionon said plate; an axially movable rotary spindle mounted to' rotate insaid second frame; and means arranged to hold said axially movablespindle in predetermined axial position; said spindles having meansarranged to present the material to be surfaced and a surfacin ,tool inopposition, including a bar carried by and adjustable transversely tosaid axially movable spindle and carrying an axial bearing for a rotarysurfacing tool; whereby the axes of said spindles may be selectivelyheld in alinement or parallel to each other in spaced relation, or

intersecting each other at an adjustably variable angle and at anadjustably variable radius with respect to said material.

21. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary baseframe, of an axially immovable rotary spindle mounted to rotate in saidframe; a fulcrum in said frame, in immovable relation to said spindle; alever plate angularly adjustable on said fulcrum; means arranged to holdsaid plate in angularly adjusted position on said ase frame; a secondframe mounted on said plate; means arranged to hold said second frame inadjusted position on said plate; an axially movable spindle mounted torotate in said second frame; and means arranged to hold said axiallymovable spindle in predetermined axial position; said spindles havingmeans arranged to present the material to be surfaced and a surfacingtool in opposition, including a bar carried by and adjustabletransversely to said axially movable spindle and carrying an axial.bearing for a rotary surfacing tool; whereby the axes of said spindlesmay be selectively held in alinement or intersecting each other at anadjustably variable angle and at .an adjustably variable radius withrespect to said material.

22. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary baseframe, of an axially immovable rotary spindle mounted to rotate in saidframe; a fulcrum in said frame, in immovable relation to said spindle; a'lever plate angularly adjustable on said fulcrum; means arranged tohold said plate in angularly adjusted position on said .base frame; asecond frame mounted on said plate; means arranged to hold said secondframe in adjusted position on said plate; an axially movable spindlemounted to rotate in said second frame; said spindles having meansarranged to resent the material to be surfaced and a sur acing tool inopposition, including a bar carried by and adjustable transversely tosaid axially movable spindle and carrying an axial bearing for a rotarysurfacing tool; whereby the axes of said spindles may be selectivelyheld in alinement or intersecting each other at an adjustably variableangle.

23; In surfacing mechanism, the combination with two opposed rotaryspindles, respectively axially immovable and movable, having meansarranged to present material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool inopposition; of means whereby the axes of said spindles may be relativelyangularly adjusted to intersect at variable distances from the surfaceto be generated; including two relatively movable frames in which saidspindles are respectively journaled; a fulcrum with respect to which theangular adjustment of said spindles is effected; one of said frameshaving means arranged to maintain said fulcrum stationary, intersectingthe axis of the spindle in that frame, during the relative adjustment ofsaid spindles.

24. In surfacing mechanism, the com- -bination with two opposed rotaryspindlesi having means arranged to present materia to be surfaced and asurfacing tool in opposition; of means whereby the axes of said spindlesmay be relatively angularly adjusted to intersect at variable distancesfrom the surface to be generated; including two relatively movableframes in. which said spindles are respectively journaled; a ful crumwithrespect to which the angular adjustment of said spindles isefiected; one

ranged to hold said plate in angularly ond frame adjustabl of saidframes having means arranged to maintain said fulcrum stationary,intersecting the axis of the spindle in that frame, during the relativeadjustment of said spindles.

25. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary base-frameof a spindle mounted to rotate in said frame; afulcrum in said frame, instationary relation to said spindle; a second frame araxis of thatspindle; a second frame carried Y by said base frame, and arranged to beangularly adjusted thereon with respect to said fulcrum; a spindlemounted to rotate in said second frame; and means whereby said angularlyadjustable frame is bodily adjustable laterally with .respect to said,fulcrum and the axis of said first. spindle; said spindles having meansarranged to present material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool incooperative relation.

27. In surfacing mechanism, the combination with a stationary baseframe, of a spindle mounted to rotate in said frame; a fulcrum in saidframe, intersecting the axis of that spindle; a second frame carried bysaid base frame, and arranged to be angularly adjusted thereon withrespect to said fulcrum; a spindle mounted to rotate in said secondframe; said angularly adjustable frame being bodily adjustablelaterally, with respectto said fulcrum; said spindles having meansarranged to present material to be surfaced and a surfacing tool incooperative relation.

28. In surfacing mechanism, thecombination with a stationary baseuframe,of

an axially immovable rotary spindle mounted to rotate in said frame; afulcrum in said frame, with its axis intersecting the axis ofsaidspindle, in immovable relation to said. spindle; a lever plate angularlyadjustable on said fulcrum; means a;-

a I justed position on said base frame; a sedmounted on said plate;means arrange to hold saidsecond frame in adjusted position on saidplate;\

an axially movable spindle mounted to rotate in said second frame; saidspindles having means arrsinfed to present the masigned my name atPhiladelphia, Pennsylterial to be surface and a surfacin tool Vania,this third day of July, 1917. in 0 position; whereb the axes 0 said spines may be selectively held in alinev ARTHUR PAIGE 5 ment orintersecting: each other at an ad- Witnesses:

justably variable angle; ANNA Ismmm'rz;

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto FRANK E. PAIGE.

